Concrete wall and method for making it



R. C. M WANE June 14, 1932.

CONCRETE WALL AND METHOD FOR MAKING IT Filed Sept. 20, 1930 L6 INVENTOR. E.- C/, M 9 VI n .-1 TTORNEY.

Patented June 14, 1932 UNITED ST ROBERT C. MCVJ'ANE, OF RIDGEWOOD, NEW JERSEY CONCRETE WALL AND METHOD FOR MAKING IT Substitute for abandoned application Serial No. 253,275, filed February 10, 1928.

September 20, 1930.

The invention relates to concrete walls for houses and other buildings, and has for its object the provision of improved walls of this kind and of improved forms and an improved method for making them.

The present application is a substitute for application 253,275, filed February 10, 1928, which has become abandoned.

The invention is illustrated in and will be explained in connection with the drawing herewith, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation, the section being taken on line 11 of Fig. 3; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary transverse section taken vertically of the completed wall; Fig 3 is a sectional plan view on line 33 of Fig. 1; Figs. 4 and 5 are projection views of elements used in my method of erecting such walls; and Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are plan views corresponding to Fig. 3 of 29 variations.

In erecting a wall by my method, successive courses are laid, the final result however being a monolithic structure, or speaking perhaps a little more accurately two monolithic structures connected to form a single wall.

A form or set of forms is used which is progressively moved upward as the work proceeds. These forms comprise vertical corner and intermediate and horizontal mem- 39 bers extending between the former.

The vertical corner members each comprise inner and outer angular constructions tied together by means of bolts. Each outer member is, in the form illustrated, made up of two vertical boards 22, permanently connected by metal angles 3. The inner angular members comprise two vertical boards M. The boards 22 and -41 are all of the same length, eight feet being about right in practice. The boards i-l are secured to the boards 22 by the bolts 55 and are kept at the proper distance from them by the tubular spacers 66.

The intermediate members are each made up of two boards 77 of the same length as pieces 22 and H, and held together at the proper distance from each other by the bolts and spacers 99 and 1010.

Along the edges of boards 2-2, 1t, and

This application filed Serial No. 483,391.

77 are secured the angle irons 1111. These are perforated as at 12-12.

The horizontal members comprise boards 13-13, to the ends of which are secured the short angles 14-14. These angles are provided with perforations spaced to correspond to the perforations 1212 in the angles 11-11.

The wall is built up on a suitable footing 1. The vertical members just described are secured in place in any suitable manner, the ones first described being placed at the corners and the others at properly spaced intermediate points. The corner members are of the same form whether the corner is at the outercorner of the building or at the corner of a re-entrant angle. Care must be used to place these members vertically and they must be held so by suitable means.

The horizontal members are then put in place, only one being used at each side to begin with. The perforations in the angles 1414 register with those in the angles 11-11 and pins or bolts 1515 are inserted in these perforations.

Midway between each pair of boards 1313 I place a piece of insulating board 16 made of any preferred waterproof material. The spacers 66 and bolts 55 extend through perforations in this insulating material. To keep the sheets 16 in place, their upper edges rest in the notches 17 of the pieces 18. These pieces 18 are placed suitable distances a part on the upper edges of the members 1313, as indicated in the drawmg.

On the upper edge of the paritition 16 are hung in pairs the shovel-shaped forms or innor molds 1919. Their shape appears clearly from Fig. at. Each has a flat body portion 20, two lateral walls or flanges 21, which are slightly tapered downwardly, a top wall or flange 22 projecting slightly beyond the lateral flanges, and a handle 23. These forms or molds are hung on the top edge of the partition by their upper projecting flange 22, as appears clearly in Fig. 1.

Concrete of the proper consistency is then poured in on both sides of the partition for the entire length of the wall about up to the moved later as described below.

top of the partition. lVith a wall of the length required for the average sized house, the first course thus poured will set suflieiently by time the last of it is poured that preparations for pouring the second course can be begun.

In preparation for the pouring of the sec ond course the pieces 18 and the forms or inner moulds 19 are first removed. It will not be found necessary to withdraw the latter entirely. They may be raised and each with its lower end in the hole left when it is withdrawn, tilted outward, and left standing at an angle. Metallic tying pieces 24: are laid on top of the first course, being pressed into the upper uncovered edge of the partition. A second course of the insulating board 16 is set on the upper edge of the first. A second course of boards 13 is added all around on both sides. The pieces 18 are put in place. The forms 19 are hung in place with their lower ends extending into the openings left by their withdrawal, and the pouring of the second course is proceeded with.

After the completion of the second course a third course is added in the same way.

The slight taper of the forms or molds 19 caused by the taper of the lateral flanges 21 makes the withdrawal of these forms easy. A slight space will be left between the mold and the upper edge of the opening, but this is too small to be objectionable in practice. It is shown slightly exaggerated in the drawing to make it Visible.

It will be generally found that by time the third course is finished the lowest course of boards 13 can be removed and used to form the fourth course. Thereafter the lowest course will always be taken off and added at the top, thus economizing on the number of these boards to be kept on hand.

After the wall has progressed to a point near the top of the vertical pieces, these are removed and raised. To do this, the bolts 5 are taken out, the vertical pieces are raised until they project upward beyond the finished part of the wall for a distance about equal to two thirds to three quarters of their length, the holes in their lower portions registering with those near the top of the finished part of the wall, and the bolts are put through the re istering holes. The tubular spacers are left in the wall for the time being, to be re- Additional spacers are used for the projecting portions of the forms. Care must be exercised to plumb up the vertical pieces as they are raised. The work then proceeds as before, and the J wall is carried to the desired height.

The width of the horizontal boards 13 and of the strips 16, and the height of the resulting courses, is largely a matter of choice. Anywhere from eight to twenty inches will be found satisfactory, although smaller or greater depths may be chosen under some circumstances.

After the wall is completed, the tubular spacers 6 are driven out, a cork 26 is driven into the center and each end of the hole is closed with cement as at 27 The wall thus formed is composed of two monolithic halves entirely insulated from and yet firmly connected to each other. As the material used for the partition 16 is moistureproof, no matter how wet one side of the wall may be, the moisture cannot penetrate to the other side. The moisture insulation is made complete by the manner in which the holes left by the spacers 6 are closed. The openings 25, left by the forms 19, and extending from bottom to top of the wall, provide very effective heat insulation.

It will be evident that openings for windows and doors can readily be provided, and it will not be necessary to describe this in detail. The insulating air-channels are discontinued below such openings and started again above them. It will be obvious that special lengths of both thevertical and the horizontal pieces of the forms may have to be cut.

In some cases it may be desired to increase the width of the insulating air spaces 25, and Fig. 6 illustrates the case where this is carried to the extreme, so that the air spaces are separated from each other by only a narrow strip of concrete and an almost continuous air insulation is the result. The sides of the air spaces are here shown sloped toward the partition, the forms 19 being slightly modified for this purpose in an obvious manner.

Fig. 7 illustrates the further variation that the air spaces need not be centrally located in the wall, but may be nearer one side than the other. Evidently this can be done with the air spaces close to each other as shown in Fig. 7 or spaced further apart as in Fig. 3. Carried to the extreme the spaces are entirely at one side of the wall, in Fig. 8, where the partition 16 is held to the outside of the strips between the air spaces 25 by the headed short rods 28.

I have described the various members of the forms as being made of wood, and this is the material which I now prefer and Contemplate using as a general thing. It will be ob vious however that it is within my inventive idea to use other materials, such as metal, and the claims are intended to cover this and other variations from the precise form described.

What I claim is:

1. The method of making a concrete wall including the steps of supporting a boardlike strip of waterproof material with its short edges vertical, pouring a concrete mixture into a defined space at each side of the strip approximately to its top while keeping vertical spaces on opposite sides of the strip and adjacent to it free from concrete, placing tie rods across the upper edges of the strip, pouring concrete into the spaces between the placing and holding in vertical position a sec partition and the form sections, and providond strip of waterproof material abutting ing'ties between the two separated bodies of with its lower edge against the upper edge of concrete thus formed.

the first strip, and pouring concrete on each side to a. point approximately at the top of the second strip while keeping free of concrete vertical spaces alined with the said first named vertical spaces.

2. The method of making a concrete Wall including the steps of supporting a boardlike strip of waterproof material with its short edges vertical, pouring a concrete mixture into a defined space at each side of the strip approximately to its top While keeping vertical spaces on opposite sides of the strip and adjacent to it free from concrete, placing tie rods across the upper edges of the strip, placing and holding in vertical position a second strip of waterproof material abutting with its lower edge against the upper edge of the first strip, pouring concrete on each side to a point approximately at the top of the second strip While keeping free of concrete vertical spaces alined with the first named vertical spaces, and adding further courses in the same manner.

3. The method of pouring a concrete wall in situ comprising placing thin boardlike pieces of waterproof material edge to edge in vertical alinement, pouring concrete into a defined space at each side to the top of each piece as it is added, keeping free of concrete continuous vertical spaces adjacent to the pieces, and tying the concrete on one side to that on the other by rods extending across the contacting edges of the pieces.

a. The method of pouring a concrete Wall in situ according to claim 3, the vertical spaces being kept free of concrete by placing forms on the first strip of an outer contour like that of the space to be formed, and pulling up the forms after each strip is enclosed in concrete and putting them in place on the succeeding strip.

5. Means for forming a course of a hollow concrete wall comprising a vertical insulating board of a width substantially equal to the height of the course and to be imbedded in the course in a central vertical position, wedge-shaped forms each suspended from the upper edge of the board with its tapered end down, and means to hold the board in po- 7 sition.

6. The method of making a concrete wall by pouring it in successive courses, the making of each course comprising the steps of providing inner and outer horizontal form sections of the height of the course, support ing vertically between them a section of a partition of moisture-proof material of the same height as the form sections, suspending against each side of the partition section molds slightly tapered toward their bottoms,

ROBERT o. MoWANE. 

